Preadmission follow-up condition of neonates hospitalized due to severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics and influencing factors for follow-up compliance: a multicenter investigation / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the preadmission follow-up condition of neonates hospitalized due to severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics and the influencing factors for follow-up compliance.@*METHODS@#A multicenter retrospective case-control study was performed for the cases from the multicenter clinical database of 12 units in the Quality Improvement Clinical Research Cooperative Group of Neonatal Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in Jiangsu Province of China from January 2019 to April 2021. According to whether the follow-up of neonatal jaundice was conducted on time after discharge from the department of obstetrics, the neonates were divided into two groups: good follow-up compliance and poor follow-up compliance. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the influencing factors for follow-up compliance of the neonates before admission.@*RESULTS@#A total of 545 neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia were included in the study, with 156 neonates (28.6%) in the good follow-up compliance group and 389 (71.4%) in the poor follow-up compliance group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low gestational age at birth, ≥10% reduction in body weight on admission compared with birth weight, history of phototherapy of siblings, history of exchange transfusion of siblings, Rh(-) blood type of the mother, a higher educational level of the mother, the use of WeChat official account by medical staff to remind of follow-up before discharge from the department of obstetrics, and the method of telephone notification to remind of follow-up after discharge were associated with the increase in follow-up compliance (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Poor follow-up compliance is observed for the neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics, which suggests that it is necessary to further strengthen the education of jaundice to parents before discharge and improve the awareness of jaundice follow-up. It is recommended to remind parents to follow up on time by phone or WeChat official account.

Clinical features of preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g undergoing different intensities of resuscitation: a multicenter retrospective analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical features of preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g undergoing different intensities of resuscitation.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g and a gestational age less than 32 weeks who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of 20 hospitals in Jiangsu, China from January 2018 to December 2019. According to the intensity of resuscitation in the delivery room, the infants were divided into three groups:non-tracheal intubation (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the non-tracheal intubation group, the tracheal intubation and ECPR groups had significantly lower rates of cesarean section and use of antenatal corticosteroid (@*CONCLUSIONS@#For preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g, the higher intensity of resuscitation in the delivery room is related to lower rate of antenatal corticosteroid therapy, lower gestational age, and lower birth weight. The infants undergoing tracheal intubation or ECRP in the delivery room have an increased incidence rate of adverse clinical outcomes. This suggests that it is important to improve the quality of perinatal management and delivery room resuscitation to improve the prognosis of the infants.

An investigation of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in 13 hospitals of Jiangsu Province, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and the management on the treatment and follow-up of this disease in Jiangsu Province, China.@*METHODS@#The neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia who were admitted to 13 hospitals in Jiangsu Province from January to December, 2018, were enrolled as subjects. A retrospective analysis was performed on their mediacal data and follow-up data.@*RESULTS@#In 2018, 740 neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia were reported from the 13 hospitals in Jiangsu Province, accounting for 2.70% (740/27 386) of the total number of neonates admitted to the department of neonatology. Among these neonates, 620 (83.8%) had severe hyperbilirubinemia, 106 (14.3%) had extremely severe hyperbilirubinemia, and 14 (1.9%) had hazardous hyperbilirubinemia. Four neonates (0.5%) were diagnosed with acute bilirubin encephalopathy. A total of 484 neonates (65.4%) were readmitted due to severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the delivery institution, with a median age of 7 days, among whom 214 (44.2%) were followed up for jaundice at the outpatient service before readmission, with a median age of 6 days at the first time of outpatient examination. During hospitalization, 211 neonates (28.5%) underwent cranial MRI examinations, among whom 85 (40.3%) had high T1WI signal in the bilateral basal ganglia and the globus pallidus; 238 neonates (32.2%) underwent brainstem auditory evoked potential examinations, among whom 14 (5.9%) passed only at one side and 7 (2.9%) failed at both sides. The 17 neonates with acute bilirubin encephalopathy or hazardous hyperbilirubinemia were followed up. Except one neonate was lost to follow-up, and there were no abnormal neurological symptoms in the other neonates.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia account for a relatively high proportion of the total number of neonates in the department of neonatology. Jaundice monitoring and management after discharge from delivery institutions need to be strengthened. For neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia, relevant examinations should be carried out more comprehensively during hospitalization and these neonates should be followed up comprehensively and systematically after discharge.

miR-21 targets Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Over-expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on tumor cell surface can induce the apoptosis of specific activated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) via the Fas/FasL pathway, leading to the formation of a site of immune privilege surrounding the tumor mass for escaping immune surveillance and promoting tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. The blocking effect of miR-21 on FasL-mediated apoptosis in breast cancers was investigated in this study. The expression levels of miR-21 and FasL in human breast carcinoma cell lines were detected by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. FasL as a target gene of miR-21 was identified by Luciferase assay. The apoptosis of Jurkat T lymphocytes induced by MCF-7 cells was determined by flow cytometry. It was found that in four human breast cancer cell lines, FasL expression level in MCF-7 cells was the highest, while miR-21 was down-regulated the most notably. After miR-21 expression in MCF-7 cells was up-regulated, FasL was identified as a target gene of miR-21. When the effector/target (E/T) ratio of MCF-7 cells and Jurkat cells was 10:1, 5:1 and 1:1, the inhibitory rate of apoptosis of Jurkat T lymphocytes induced by MCF-7 cells was 95.81%, 93.16% and 91.94%, respectively. It is suggested that in breast cancers miR-21 expression is negatively associated with FasL expression, and FasL is a target gene of miR-21. miR-21 targeting and regulating FasL-mediated apoptosis will bring us the possibility of a new tumor immunotherapy via breaking tumor immune privilege.

miR-21 targets Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Over-expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on tumor cell surface can induce the apoptosis of specific activated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) via the Fas/FasL pathway, leading to the formation of a site of immune privilege surrounding the tumor mass for escaping immune surveillance and promoting tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. The blocking effect of miR-21 on FasL-mediated apoptosis in breast cancers was investigated in this study. The expression levels of miR-21 and FasL in human breast carcinoma cell lines were detected by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. FasL as a target gene of miR-21 was identified by Luciferase assay. The apoptosis of Jurkat T lymphocytes induced by MCF-7 cells was determined by flow cytometry. It was found that in four human breast cancer cell lines, FasL expression level in MCF-7 cells was the highest, while miR-21 was down-regulated the most notably. After miR-21 expression in MCF-7 cells was up-regulated, FasL was identified as a target gene of miR-21. When the effector/target (E/T) ratio of MCF-7 cells and Jurkat cells was 10:1, 5:1 and 1:1, the inhibitory rate of apoptosis of Jurkat T lymphocytes induced by MCF-7 cells was 95.81%, 93.16% and 91.94%, respectively. It is suggested that in breast cancers miR-21 expression is negatively associated with FasL expression, and FasL is a target gene of miR-21. miR-21 targeting and regulating FasL-mediated apoptosis will bring us the possibility of a new tumor immunotherapy via breaking tumor immune privilege.

Changes in telomerase activity decreases in MCF-7 cells during apoptosis induced by sodium butyrate / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate telomerase activity of MCF-7 mammary cancer cells during apoptosis induced by sodium butyrate (SB) in vitro and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proliferative activity of MCF-7 cells was assessed by morphology and MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization. Telomerase activity was examined by TRAP-ELISA. The expression status of telomerase subunits was analyzed by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A time- and dose-dependent inhibition was detected in MCF-7 cells treated with SB. At 72 hr after SB (2.5 mmol/L) treatment, MCF-7 cells were apoptotic with a rate of 84.3% by flow cytometric assay (AnnexinV/PI double staining). Apoptosis was also confirmed by DNA fragmentation. Telomerase activity and expression level of hTERT, the key subunit of telomerase, decreased at 24-hour time point after SB treatment. No significant changes were observed in the expression of hTR and hTP, the other two subunits of telomerase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Telomerase activity decreases in MCF-7 cells during apoptosis induced by sodium butyrate. The underlying mechanism might be related to the down regulation of hTERT transcription.</p>

The mechanism of topotecan resistance in ovarian cancer cell line / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of topotecan (TPT) resistance in ovarian cancer cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A TPT-resistant ovarian cancer cell line A2780/TPT established in this laboratory was used in this study. Intracellular rhodamine fluorescence intensity of the TPT-resistant cells and parental cells were measured by flow cytometry. The gene expression of membrane protein transporter such as transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was evaluated by RT-PCR. The antisense-phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (ASODN) including a translation initiation site of BCRP mRNA was transferred into resistant cells by liposome.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intracellular rhodamine fluorescence intensity of the resistant cells was 31.19% of that in the parental cells (P < 0.01). No expression of P-gp was demonstrated, and that of MRP was very weak in the TPT-resistant cells (relative expression value = 0.057). BCRP was overexpressed in the TPT-resistant cells (relative expression = 0.66), but not in the parental cells. Transfer of ASODN into resistant cells resulted in a 59.42% reduction of BCRP gene expression (P < 0.05) and an obviously increased intracellular rhodamine fluorescence intensity from 5.42 to 16.63 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The overexpression of BCRP which mediated drug efflux may play an important role in the induction of TPT-resistance in ovarian cancer.</p>

Correlation of expression of RhoA (RhoC and their effector ROCK-1 with malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer cells in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of RhoA, RhoC and their effector ROCK-1 in four ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro and their correlation with invasiveness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of RhoA, RhoC and ROCK-1 mRNA and protein in four ovarian cancer cell lines SW626, Skov-3, A2780 and Caov-3 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assay. Invasion assay was done in Boyden chamber.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression levels of RhoA, RhoC and ROCK-1 mRNA and protein varied in the four different cell lines examined. The expression level of RhoC, but not RhoA and ROCK-1, was significantly correlated with the invasive capability of these cells in vitro (r = 0.95, P < 0.01). Expression of RhoA at the level of transcription was not correlated with that at the translation level. The expression of RhoA and RhoC did not correlate with that of ROCK-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Expression level of RhoC may serve as an independent parameter in evaluating metastasis and become a new target in inhibiting ovarian cancer metastasis.</p>

Selective apoptosis in HeLa cells induced by sodium butyrate and its mechanism / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate apoptosis induced by sodium butyrate in cervix cancer cell line HeLa and primary human embryo lung fibroblasts and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell apoptosis was assessed by morphology, cell viability, DNA fragmentation, the percentage of sub-G1 cells and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization. The effects of sodium butyrate on transcription of Bax and Bcl-2 was analyzed by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sodium butyrate inhibited proliferation in a time and dose-dependant manner. The inhibition of proliferation in HeLa cells was more significant than that in primary human embryo lung fibroblasts. DNA fragmentation, sub-G1 peak and AnnexinV/PI by flow cytometry showed very high apoptosis rates in HeLa cells 72 hours after treated with sodium butyrate, while pretty low in primary human embryo lung fibroblasts. RT-PCR showed sodium butyrate had little effects on transcription of Bax and Bcl-2 in HeLa cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sodium butyrate can induce apoptosis in HeLa cells without changing the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Sodium butyrate comparatively has little effects on fibroblasts.</p>

Significance of expression of T lymphoma invasion/metastasis gene in ovarian cancer cells / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the role of T lymphoma invasion/metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) and protein in ovarian tumor cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expressions of Tiam1 mRNA, Rac1 mRNA, and Tiam1 protein in four ovarian tumor cells A2780, Caov3, Skov3, and SW626 were studied by using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The cell migration ability was analyzed by in vitro invasion assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expressions of Tiam1 mRNA and protein, as well as Rac1 mRNA were detected in all four ovarian tumor cells. There was a strong direct correlation between the levels of Tiam1 and Rac1 mRNA expression and migration potentials of all four ovarian cancer cells in vitro experiments. The increased expressions of Tiam1 mRNA were coincident with those of Rac1 mRNA, with a parallel relationship (P = 0.003, r = 0.874). Levels of Rac1 mRNA expression were significantly correlated with the potentials of tumor cell migration (P = 0.042, r = 0.814).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tiam1-Rac1 signaling pathway plays a positive role in assessing tumor cell invasion and metastasis and provides a new target for gene therapy of ovarian cancer.</p>